Annotated List of the Birds of the Greater Cincinnati Region

In the summer of 1996, Michael Sweeney gave Earl Thirey a cardboard box of materials which had belonged to Worth Randle. In the box was Worth’s copy of the 1953 Birds of Southwestern Ohio, by Emerson Kemsies and Worth Randle, which had many marginal notations and changes to the original text. Inspired by that, Earl contacted David Styer, and David in turn contacted me, with the idea of compiling an updated annotated list of the birds of our area. There has not been anything like Kemsies and Randle since 1953. Our ambitious idea was to include all species which had published records, however dubious, with our synopsis of how the frequency and timing of each species has changed over time. “Published” means published in a serious ornithological source, not just random imaginings on Facebook or the like. Before too long, Earl moved to Georgia, but David and I continued to compile records, searching through back issues of North American Birds and its predecessors, the Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana state journals, Karl Maslowski’s Naturalist Afield columns, various 19th and early 20th Century publications, and whatever else we could find. By the early 2000s, we had compiled a mass of data, and were just thinking about actually writing species accounts, but David moved to California, and the project stalled out. I recently decided to revive the project, and this annotated list, which is nowhere near complete yet, is where my efforts stand to date. There is obviously a lot left to write, but I’m working on it.

Meanwhile, I expect to add to the accounts frequently. Please let me know if you have questions, comments, corrections, or suggestions, including suggestions about which species accounts you would like to see.

Ned Keller

nedkeller49@gmail.com

_________________________________________________

Highlighted bird names contain links to a longer article (there are only a few so far).

Birds listed in the basic checklist have more details there on frequency and timing.

Species	In Basic Checklist	Summary
Black-bellied Whistling-Duck	no	First recorded at Montgomery (Hamilton County) on May 30, 2004; not seen again until 2016; now nearly annual.
Fulvous Whistling-Duck	no	Four were at Hueston Woods on April 11, 1974, with one remaining through April 16.
Snow Goose	yes	Rare winter visitor.
Ross's Goose	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Greater White-fronted Goose	yes	Rare to very rare winter visitor, more likely in late winter than early.
Brant	no	Two records in our core area: fourteen at Oxbow November 17, 1985, with seven remaining through November 19; one at Four Seasons Marina March 10 through 12, 1994.
Cackling Goose	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Canada Goose	yes	Very common permanent resident, augmented by smaller subspecies during migration.
Mute Swan	yes	Wild birds rare fall through spring; nests in a few locations; also kept as an ornamental.
Trumpeter Swan	yes	Very rare late winter visitor.
Tundra Swan	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Wood Duck	yes	Fairly common spring through fall; very rare in late winter.
Garganey	no	One record, an adult male at Fernald Preserve's Lodge Pond, April 29, 2011 through May 14, 2011.
Blue-winged Teal	yes	Fairly common migrant; very rare summer resident; absent most winters.
Cinnamon Teal	no	One record from the Ohio River in Campbell County and a nearby Hamilton County pond, March 1951; another from Spring Valley April 26, 1996.
Northern Shoveler	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident.
Gadwall	yes	Fairly common migrant and winter resident.
Eurasian Wigeon	no	Ten plus spring records, ranging from 1949 to 2021.
American Wigeon	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident.
Mallard	yes	Very common, widespread permanent resident; additional birds during migration.
American Black Duck	yes	Uncommon migrant and winter resident.
Northern Pintail	yes	Uncommon migrant and rare winter resident.
Green-winged Teal	yes	Fairly common migrant and rare winter resident.
Canvasback	yes	Fairly common migrant and rare winter resident.
Redhead	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident.
Ring-necked Duck	yes	Fairly common migrant and winter resident.
Greater Scaup	yes	Rare migrant and winter resident.
Lesser Scaup	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident.
King Eider	no	Single birds shot by hunters on Ohio River Northern Kentucky, 12/26/1959 and 1/2/1971; 1 above Mehldahl Dam 11/30 to 12/10/2017.
Harlequin Duck	no	One at Brookville Lake, April 15-16, 1989; one on the Great Miami River at Dayton, January 14, 1996; two on the Great Miami River at Dayton, January 13 through 25, 2003, with one downriver at Hamilton on January 26; one at Camp Dennison November 27 - 28, 2005; one on the Ohio River at New Richmond, February 26, 2008; one at Lost Bridge, January 30, 2022.
Surf Scoter	no	Almost annual; found late fall through early spring
White-winged Scoter	no	Almost annual; found late fall through early spring
Black Scoter	no	Less than annual; found every few years in late fall through early spring.
Long-tailed Duck	no	Almost annual; found late fall through early spring
Bufflehead	yes	Fairly common migrant and winter resident.
Common Goldeneye	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident, rare before January.
Barrow's Goldeneye	no	One published record of a second-hand report, without details.
Hooded Merganser	yes	Fairly common migrant and winter resident; rare nester.
Common Merganser	yes	Rare winter visitor and spring migrant.
Red-breasted Merganser	yes	Rare winter visitor; fairly common spring migrant.
Ruddy Duck	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident.
Northern Bobwhite	yes	A rare permanent resident which never recovered from the harsh winters of the late 1970s. Now difficult to separate wild from released individuals.
Wild Turkey	yes	Uncommon permanent resident.
Ruffed Grouse	no	Scattered records in our core area; becoming more regular in the wooded regions of eastern Highland and Adams Counties.
Greater Prairie-Chicken	no	No specific records; the only reference is from 1879: "A former resident"
Gray Partridge	no	Only a few scattered records in our area for this introduced speces, which has now been extirpated from Ohio for nearly a half century.
Ring-necked Pheasant	no	Scattered records, all of which presumably relate to escaped or released birds; there are no established populations of this introduced, nonmigratory species within a hundred miles.
American Flamingo	no	Two at Caesar Creek beach, September 1, 2023 and 1 on the Ohio River at Warsaw, September 7 - October 1, 2023 were part of an invasion following Hurricane Idalia.
Pied-billed Grebe	yes	Fairly common migrant and winter resident; very rare nester.
Horned Grebe	yes	Uncommon migrant, rare winter resident.
Red-necked Grebe	no	Very rare visitor, fall through spring; about annual.
Eared Grebe	no	Very rare visitor, fall through spring; less than annual.
Western Grebe	no	Very rare, reported once or twice a decade. First reported November 1967 at Dayton; most recent January 2016 at Caesar Creek Lake.
Rock Pigeon	yes	Introduced species, commonly found in towns, around farms, and at underpasses.
Passenger Pigeon	no	Formerly the most common species in North America; now extinct. The last bird shot in the wild in our area was probably in Franklin County, in 1902.
Eurasian Collared-Dove	no	First reported at Rapid Run Park, May 9, 2005; now reported annually, usually from established locations.
White-winged Dove	no	First reported from Independence,Kentucky August 23, 2009; about ten records since then.
Mourning Dove	yes	Common, widespread permanent resident.
Groove-billed Ani	no	One record, a single bird east of Owensville, October 9 through November 19, 1981.
Yellow-billed Cuckoo	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Black-billed Cuckoo	yes	Rare summer resident
Common Nighthawk	yes	Uncommon summer resident; fairly common early fall migrant.
Chuck-will's-widow	no	Breeds in Adams County, with a few scattered records from farther west and north.
Eastern Whip-poor-will	yes	Very rare summer resident in our core area, but more frequent away from urban areas; fairly common in eastern Adams County.
Chimney Swift	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Mexican Violetear	no	One record, a single bird at Taylor Mill, Kenton County, August 25-27, 1999.
Ruby-throated Hummingbird	yes	Fairly common summer resident. Sightings from November on are likely to be Rufous.
Black-chinned Hummingbird	no	One record, a bird at Hidden Valley Lake, Dearborn County, December 12-13, 2021.
Anna's Hummingbird	no	One record, a single bird remained at a home in West Chester from November 12 through December 24, 2005.
Rufous Hummingbird	yes	First published record was from 2000, but earlier records from November on almost certainly relate to this species; now reported at least annually.
Allen's Hummingbird	no	One record: a single bird remained at a home in Mariemont from November 10, 2021 through January 21, 2022.
King Rail	no	Rare; reported every few years. There are several older nesting records.
Clapper Rail	no	A single published record, in Dury & Kellogg 1891, undoubtedly was actually King Rail.
Virginia Rail	yes	Uncommon migrant and very rare summer resident; confined to marshes.
Sora	yes	Fairly common migrant; confined to marshes.
Common Gallinule	yes	Rare migrant and very rare summer resident.
American Coot	yes	Fairly common winter resident, becoming common in migration; very rare summer resident.
Purple Gallinule	no	Ten plus records, mostly spring, ranging from 1877 to 2022.
Yellow Rail	no	Very rare; last reported 2020; several years often pass without a report.
Black Rail	no	Two at Ross Lake, near Carthage, May 17, 1890, followed by 7(!) at the same location May 1891. No additional records until April 23, 1967, April 19, 1980, and April 29, 1990 at Spring Valley, and May 7, 1997 at Miami-Whitewater wetlands.
Limpkin	no	Several records from summer and fall 2023, at least three different birds.
Sandhill Crane	yes	Uncommon in late fall and winter, sometimes seen in large flocks, particularly at the north end of Brookville Lake.
Whooping Crane	no	A single second-hand report of a 19th century specimen from Carthage, plus a couple of 21st century reports of birds from the introduced Great Lakes population.
Black-necked Stilt	no	Included in list in Langdon 1879; no modern records until 2004; now rare, but reported most years.
American Avocet	no	Occurred in Warren County 1880; no modern records until 1977; now recorded annually.
Northern Lapwing	no	No records in our core area; one record of a single bird in Adams County, December 29-30, 1994.
Black-bellied Plover	yes	Rare spring migrant.
American Golden-Plover	yes	Rare spring and fall migrant.
Killdeer	yes	Common summer resident, uncommon winter resident.
Semipalmated Plover	yes	Uncommon migrant.
Piping Plover	no	First reported in 1879, then not reported until 1951 and 1973. Five 21st Century reports, the most recent being April 22 - 24, 2020, from Hueston Woods.
Upland Sandpiper	no	Rare, nearly annual migrant.
Whimbrel	no	Very rare spring migrant; several years often pass without a report.
Eskimo Curlew	no	Two published records from 1838 and 1878 (documentation no longer availble); now extinct.
Long-billed Curlew	no	A single published record from 1897 with sparse details, no documentation now available.
Hudsonian Godwit	no	Very rare migrant; several years often pass without a report.
Marbled Godwit	no	33 were reported from the mouth of the Little Miami River in Langdon 1879; there were no other reports until 1983; they are now reported about every other year.
Ruddy Turnstone	yes	Very rare migrant.
Red Knot	no	Very rare migrant; about one report per decade.
Ruff	no	One seen by multiple experienced observers at Lost Bridge, April 15, 1987; another photographed at the same location September 21, 2022.
Stilt Sandpiper	yes	Rare migrant, mostly fall.
Sanderling	yes	Very rare migrant.
Dunlin	yes	Rare spring and uncommon fall migrant.
Purple Sandpiper	no	Up to 3 at East Fork SP 10/23 to 10/26/2013; 1 at the same location 2/12 to 2/19/2021
Baird's Sandpiper	yes	Rare fall migrant; usually misidentified in spring.
Least Sandpiper	yes	Fairly common migrant, more common in fall.
White-rumped Sandpiper	yes	Rare migrant
Buff-breasted Sandpiper	yes	Very rare fall migrant.
Pectoral Sandpiper	yes	Uncommon to fairly common migrant.
Semipalmated Sandpiper	yes	Fairly common migrant,, more common in fall.
Western Sandpiper	no	Rare fall migrant, reported less than annually; very rare spring migrant.
Short-billed Dowitcher	yes	Rare migrant; fall migration almost over before Long-billed begins.
Long-billed Dowitcher	yes	Very rare spring and late fall migrant.
American Woodcock	yes	Fairly common in wet habitats in spirng; present but hard to find as a breeder.
Wilson's Snipe	yes	Uncommon migrant and very rare winter resident.
Spotted Sandpiper	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon summer resident.
Solitary Sandpiper	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Lesser Yellowlegs	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Willet	no	Rare migrant; a few reports most years.
Greater Yellowlegs	yes	Uncommon to fairly common migrant.
Wilson's Phalarope	no	Rare migrant; one to a few reports most years.
Red-necked Phalarope	no	Rare migrant, reported most years.
Red Phalarope	no	Rare migrant, reported about every other year.
Pomarine Jaeger	no	Two records: October 30 thorugh November 15, 1999, at Harsha Lake in East Fork State Park; and September 9, 2018, at Acton Lake in Hueston Woods State Park.
Parasitic Jaeger	no	Two records: Late March or early April, 1880, near Lebanon; and September 30 through October 10, 2020, at the northern part of Caesar Creek Lake.
Long-tailed Jaeger	no	One bird, at Harsha Lake, East Fork State Park, September 5, 2006.
Black-legged Kittiwake	no	First reported November 8, 1970; now very rare but almost annual.
Sabine's Gull	no	One at Hueston Woods, November 3 through 16, 1985; one at Brookville Lake, October31 to November 1, 1987; one at Caesar Creek Lake, November 4 through 6 and again November 27 through 30, 1993; one at Brookville Lake, September 27, 2003; One at Brookville Lake, October 4, 2007; one at East Fork Lake, October 17 through 24, 2011; one at Brookville Lake, September 13 through 17, 2021.
Bonaparte's Gull	yes	Fairly common migrant and uncommon winter resident.
Black-headed Gull	no	One record, from East Fork State Park, South Beach, on March 30, 2022.
Little Gull	no	First published report was from 1978; now recorded every two or three years.
Laughing Gull	yes	Very rare fall migrant.
Franklin's Gull	yes	Rare fall migrant.
Ring-billed Gull	yes	Common winter resident and migrant; rare in summer.
California Gull	no	One record, a single bird at Caesar Creek Lake, May 13 through 18, 2000.
Herring Gull	yes	Fairly common migrant, uncommon winter resident.
Iceland Gull	no	Rare migrant, seen more years than not.
Lesser Black-backed Gull	yes	Very rare fall migrant.
Glaucous Gull	no	Rare migrant, seen more years than not.
Great Black-backed Gull	no	Rare migrant, seen more years than not.
Sooty Tern	no	A single bird was present at Harsha Lake, East Fork State Park, July 12 - 19, 2005.
Least Tern	no	First recorded August 22, 1887 from Franklin County. No additional records until 1951. Four 21st Century records.
Caspian Tern	yes	Uncommon migrant.
Black Tern	yes	Rare migrant
Roseate Tern	no	Two published records, from 1879 and 1949, without details.
Common Tern	yes	Rare migrant.
Forster's Tern	yes	Uncommon migrant.
Red-throated Loon	no	Rare migrant, seen one to a few times a year.
Pacific Loon	no	Very rare migrant seen about every other year.
Common Loon	yes	Fairly common fall migrant, less common in spring.
Leach's Storm-Petrel	no	One found, freshly dead, on a street in Dayton, May 16, 1929.
Black-capped Petrel	no	Three birds found on the Ohio River near Cincinnati, October 4-5, 1898.
Wood Stork	no	Four records: August 1, 1855 at Brookville, a "large flock" which remained a month to six weeks; July 23, 1909 at Todd's Fork, Clinton County; May 5, 1946 also at Todd's Fork; and September 19 through 21, 2021 at Hueston Woods.
Magnificent Frigatebird	no	One bird, found on a lawn in Hyde Park, September 29, 1967.
Northern Gannet	no	One record, seen intermittently along the Ohio River, December 7 - 24, 1967; captured the latter date.
Double-crested Cormorant	yes	Fairly common summer resident, and common fall migrant.
Neotropic Cormorant	yes	One was at the Oxbow, July 30 to August 12, 2012; since then rare but reported most years.
American White Pelican	yes	Very rare fall migrant.
Brown Pelican	no	Very rare migrant; seen once or twice a decade.
Least Bittern	yes	Rare summer resident.
American Bittern	yes	Rare, but seen several times a year, mostly in spring.
Little Blue Heron	yes	Very rare migrant.
Tricolored Heron	no	Very rare migrant, reported less than once a decade.
Snowy Egret	yes	Very rare migrant.
Yellow-crowned Night Heron	yes	Rare summer resident.
Black-crowned Night Heron	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Green Heron	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Great Egret	yes	Uncommon summer resident; common in post-breeding dispersal.
Western Cattle-Egret	no	Very rare migrant, reported most years.
Great Blue Heron	yes	Common permanent resident.
White Ibis	no	One at Englewood Dam, Dayton, August 21-30, 1964; one at Spring Valley Wildlife area, July 14, 1990; one at the Oxbow, November 4-8, 1995; one at Big Oaks NWR, June 19, 2002; one at Englewood MetroPark, August 5 - 16, 2016; one at Gilmore Ponds, August 8 - 15, 2016.
Glossy Ibis	no	Very rare migrant, seen every few years.
White-faced Ibis	no	Very rare migrant; several years pass without a sighting.
Roseate Spoonbill	no	No records in our core area; one record of four birds at Rocky Fork Lake, July 20 through October 20, 2002 and another of two birds in Gallatin County October 20 through 28, 2021.
Black Vulture	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Turkey Vulture	yes	Common summer resident; fairly common to uncommon winter resident.
Osprey	yes	Uncommon summer resident; fairly common fall migrant.
Swallow-tailed Kite	no	Reported, without details, in Franklin County before 1869. One on both sides of the Ohio River, at Petersburg KY and Tanner's Creek, IN, August 16 through September 8, 1997; then at least 5 21st Century records.
Golden Eagle	no	Very rare migrant, reported every few years.
Northern Harrier	yes	Uncommon migrant and winter resident.
Sharp-shinned Hawk	yes	Rare winter resident, rare to uncommon migrant.
Cooper's Hawk	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
American Goshawk	no	Very rare late fall to early spring migrant and winter visitor.
Bald Eagle	yes	Uncommon permanent resident.
Mississippi Kite	no	Very rare migrant and summer resident, seen most years; has bred here.
Red-shouldered Hawk	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Broad-winged Hawk	yes	Uncommon migrant and rare summer resident.
Swainson's Hawk	no	Two records: one at Liberty, Union County, October 22, 1977; and one at Hueston Woods, May 13, 1987.
Red-tailed Hawk	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Rough-legged Hawk	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Ferruginous Hawk	no	One bird at Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Airport, late January through May 12, 2012.
American Barn Owl	no	Very rare permanent resident.
Eastern Screech-Owl	yes	Fairly common, but infrequently reported, permanent resident.'
Great Horned Owl	yes	Uncomon permanent resident.
Snowy Owl	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Northern Hawk Owl	no	One record, January 1878, in Franklin County.
Barred Owl	yes	Uncommon permanent resident.
Great Gray Owl	no	A record from the 1890s, without details or a specific date.
Long-eared Owl	no	Very rare winter visitor, reported every few years.
Short-eared Owl	yes	Rare winter resident, but fairly dependable in select locations.
Northern Saw-whet Owl	yes	Uncommon migrant and winter resident, but almost never encountered.
Belted Kingfisher	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Red-headed Woodpecker	yes	Uncommon summer resident and rare winter resident.
Red-bellied Woodpecker	yes	Common permanent resident.
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker	yes	Uncommon migrant and winter resident.
Downy Woodpecker	yes	Common permanent resident.
Hairy Woodpecker	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Northern Flicker	yes	Common permanent resident.
Pileated Woodpecker	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Ivory-billed Woodpecker	no	May have been present during the early period of European settlement, but there are no specific records.
American Kestrel	yes	Fairly common winter resident, uncommon summer resident.
Merlin	yes	Rare migrant and winter resident.
Gyrfalcon	no	One published sight record, December 1950.
Peregrine Falcon	yes	Rare permanent resident.
Prairie Falcon	no	One record, west of Brookville Lake, November 11-16, 2014.
Monk Parakeet	no	Attempted to nest, summer 1980. No other records.
Carolina Parakeet	no	Formerly regular, at the northern part of its range, until the mid-19th Century; now extinct.
Great Crested Flycatcher	yes	Common summer resident.
Western Kingbird	no	Very rare migrant, reported about once a decade.
Eastern Kingbird	yes	Common summer resident.
Gray Kingbird	no	One record, from Boone County, April 24-26, 2011.
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher	no	One in Adams County, 5/8/1978; one in Hamilton County, 1970; one in Adams County, 6/10/1970; one in Kilby Road Gravel, 5/18-25/2010; one in Butler County, 5/5-7/2017.
Olive-sided Flycatcher	yes	Very rare migrant.
Eastern Wood-Pewee	yes	Common summer resident, later into fall than other flycatchers.
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher	yes	Rare migrant.
Acadian Flycatcher	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Alder Flycatcher	yes	Rare migrant.
Willow Flycatcher	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Least Flycatcher	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Eastern Phoebe	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Say's Phoebe	no	One at Hueston Woods, 11/26/1989, one at Moore's Hill (Dearborn Co.), 12/27/1997 - 1/2/1998, and one near Yellow Springs (Greene Co.), 11/28-29/2009.
White-eyed Vireo	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Bell's Vireo	yes	Rare summer resident.
Yellow-throated Vireo	yes	Fairley common summer resident.
Blue-headed Vireo	yes	Uncommon migrant.
Philadelphia Vireo	yes	Rare migrant.
Warbling Vireo	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Red-eyed Vireo	yes	Common summer resident.
Loggerhead Shrike	no	An uncommon migrant and rare nester through the first third of the 20th Century; now very rare - one is reported every few years.
Northern Shrike	no	Rare winter visitor, found about every other year.
Blue Jay	yes	Common permanent resident.
American Crow	yes	Common permanent resident.
Fish Crow	no	Two were reported in Montgomery County May 8 through 22, 2023; also a couple of other records from outside our core area.
Common Raven	no	Apparently common in the early 19th Century, they were all but extirpated by mid-century. No modern records.
Carolina Chickadee	yes	Common permanent resident.
Black-capped Chickadee	no	Several banding records, and a handful of plausible sight records by experienced observers.
Tufted Titmouse	yes	Common permanent resident.
Eurasian Skylark	no	Introduced in the early 1870s, and nested for a few years, but the population then disappeared.
Horned Lark	yes	Uncommon winter resident, rare summer resident.
Bank Swallow	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Tree Swallow	yes	Common summer resident; the first swallow to arrive in spring and the last to leave in fall.
Northern Rough-winged Swallow	yes	Common summer resident,
Purple Martin	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Barn Swallow	yes	Common summer resident,
Cliff Swallow	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Cave Swallow	no	None in our core area, but one at Rocky Fork Lake November 16-17, 2008, and one at Eastwood MetroPark, April 9, 2016.
Ruby-crowned Kinglet	yes	Fairly common migrant and rare winter resident, particularly early winter.
Golden-crowned Kinglet	yes	Fairly common winter resident.
Bohemian Waxwing	no	One published sight record, Marach 13, 1939, at Hyde Park.
Cedar Waxwing	yes	Fairly common summer resident and rare winter resident, particularly early winter.
Red-breasted Nuthatch	yes	Uncommon to rare winter resident; numbers fluctuate from year to year.
White-breasted Nuthatch	yes	Common permanent resident.
Brown-headed Nuthatch	no	One at Springboro (Warren County), 12/21/2020.
Brown Creeper	yes	Fairly common to uncommon winter resident.
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Bewick's Wren	no	Formerly an uncommon summer resident, it is now essentially absent from our area, with only one 21st Century report.
Carolina Wren	yes	Common permanent resident.
Northern House Wren	yes	Common summer resident,
Winter Wren	yes	Rare winter resident.
Sedge Wren	yes	Rare migrant and late summer nester.
Marsh Wren	yes	Rare migrant and late summer nester.
Gray Catbird	yes	Common summer resident.
Brown Thrasher	yes	Fairly common summer resident and rare winter resident.
Northern Mockingbird	yes	Common summer resident and fairly common winter resident.
European Starling	yes	Common permanent resident.
Eastern Bluebird	yes	Fairly common permanent resident.
Veery	yes	Uncommon migrant.
Gray-cheeked Thrush	yes	Uncommon to rare migrant.
Swainson's Thrush	yes	Fairly common to common migrant.
Hermit Thrush	yes	Uncommon migrant and winter resident, mostly early winter.
Wood Thrush	yes	Common summer resident,
American Robin	yes	Common permanent resident.
Varied Thrush	no	One at Loveland, January 1 through March 2, 1980, and one at Middle Creek Road, Boone County, February 16 through 21, 2021.
House Sparrow	yes	Common permanent resident.
American Pipit	yes	Uncommon to rare migrant and rare winter visitor.
Sprague's Pipit	no	One at Oxford Airport, November 15, 1958, plus three more there November 27.
Evening Grosbeak	no	Rare migrant and winter resident, reported almost annually.
Pine Grosbeak	no	One record of a single individual, at Mt. Airy Arboretum, December 24, 1951 through January 27, 1952. One at nearby Spring Grove Cemetery on December 20, 1951 was likely the same bird.
House Finch	yes	Common permanent resident.
Purple Finch	yes	Rare winter resident.
Redpoll	no	Very rare winter resident, reported most years; numbers fluctuate considerably.
Red Crossbill	no	First recorded in 1868; can tend to stay in one spot during irruption winters, but otherwise recorded sporadically every few years.
White-winged Crossbill	no	First recorded in 1868; now seen every few years, but none since 2013.
Pine Siskin	yes	Rare winter resident; numbers vary considerably from year to year.
American Goldfinch	yes	Common permanent resident.
Lapland Longspur	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Smith's Longspur	no	Several records from Oxford Airport from 1949 through1962, but none since then. Abput five records from othr locations since 1997.
Snow Bunting	yes	Very rare winter visitor.
Bachman's Sparrow	no	Never common in our area, it has been extirpated from Ohio since the mid-20th Century.
Grasshopper Sparrow	yes	Rare summer resident.
Lark Sparrow	yes	Very rare summer resident.
Chipping Sparrow	yes	Common summer resident and very rare winter residenet.
Clay-colored Sparrow	no	A rare migrant, first recorded in 1986; it is now reported almost annually.
Field Sparrow	yes	Common summer resident and uncommon winter resident.
Fox Sparrow	yes	Uncommon winter resident.
American Tree Sparrow	yes	Fairly common winter resident.
Dark-eyed Junco	yes	Common winter resident.
White-crowned Sparrow	yes	Fairly common to uncommon winter resident and migrant.
Harris's Sparrow	no	A very rare migrant, first recorded in 1963, several years can now pass without a report.
White-throated Sparrow	yes	Common winter resident.
Vesper Sparrow	yes	Rare migrant.
LeConte's Sparrow	yes	Very rare fall migrant.
Nelson's Sparrow	yes	Rare fall migrant.
Henslow's Sparrow	yes	Rare summer resident.
Savannah Sparrow	yes	Uncommon migrant, rare winter resident, and very rare summer resident.
Song Sparrow	yes	Common permanent resident.
Lincoln's Sparrow	yes	Fairly common fall and rare spring migrant.
Swamp Sparrow	yes	Uncommon winter resident and migrant.
Green-tailed Towhee	no	Single birds were recorded in 1969 and 1970; they were then absent until one bird was at Hueston Woods September 25 through 29, 2021.
Eastern Towhee	yes	Common summer resident and fairly common winter resident.
Yellow-breasted Chat	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Yellow-headed Blackbird	no	First recorded in 1946, they are now reported about every other year (although several years can pass without a sighting).
Bobolink	yes	Rare summer resident.
Eastern Meadowlark	yes	Fairly common summer resident and rare winter resident.
Western Meadowlark	no	Only a handfull of records, mostly identified by voice.
Orchard Oriole	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Baltimore Oriole	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Red-winged Blackbird	yes	Common summer resident and uncommon winter resident.
Brown-headed Cowbird	yes	Common summer resident and rare winter resident.
Rusty Blackbird	yes	Uncommon migrant and rare winter resident.'
Brewer's Blackbird	no	Very rare migrant, reported about every five years.
Common Grackle	yes	Common summer resident and rare winter resident.
Ovenbird	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Worm-eating Warbler	yes	Rare summer resident.
Louisiana Waterthrush	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Northern Waterthrush	yes	Uncommon migrant.
Golden-winged Warbler	yes	Rare migrant.
Blue-winged Warbler	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Black-and-white Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant and very rare summer resident.
Prothonotary Warbler	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Tennessee Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Orange-crowned Warbler	yes	Uncommon to rare migrant.
Nashville Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Connecticut Warbler	yes	Very rare migrant.
Mourning Warbler	yes	Rare migrant.
Kentucky Warbler	yes	Uncommon to fairly common summer resident.
"Cincinnati Warbler"	no	One record of this Blue-winged x Kentucky Warbler hybrid, in Madisonville, May 1, 1880.
Common Yellowthroat	yes	Common summer resident.
Hooded Warbler	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
American Redstart	yes	Fairly common migrant and rare summer resident.
Kirtland's Warbler	no	At least 10 spring records, beginning 1872. The only fall record is October 2, 1975, a banded bird found dead on a Westwood porch.
Cape May Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Cerulean Warbler	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Northern Parula	yes	Common migrant and fairly common summer resident.
Magnolia Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Bay-breasted Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Blackburnian Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Yellow Warbler	yes	Common migrant and fairly common summer resident.
Chestnut-sided Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Blackpoll Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Black-throated Blue Warbler	yes	Uncommon to rare migrant.
Palm Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant.
Pine Warbler	yes	Uncomon migrant, often the first to appear in spring.
Yellow-rumped Warbler	yes	Fairly common winter resident and common migrant.
Yellow-throated Warbler	yes	Common migrant and fairly common summer resident.
Prairie Warbler	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Black-throated Gray Warbler	no	No records in our core area; one record of a single bird in Georgetown, Brown County, winter 1992-1993.
Black-throated Green Warbler	yes	Fairly common migrant
Canada Warbler	yes	Rare migrant.
Wilson's Warbler	yes	Rare migrant.
Summer Tanager	yes	Fairly common to uncommon summer resident.
Scarlet Tanager	yes	Fairly common summer resident.
Western Tanager	no	Two records: one at Mt. Airy Forest, May 12, 1979, and one at Dayton, January 10 through 19, 2016.
Northern Cardinal	yes	Common permanent resident.
Rose-breasted Grosbeak	yes	Fairly common migrant and rare summer resident.
Black-headed Grosbeak	no	Three records: one at Milford, April 10 through 13, 1969; one at Cincinnati, January through March, 1976; and two at Fort Ancient, October 5, 1983.
Blue Grosbeak	yes	Uncommon summer resident.
Indigo Bunting	yes	Common summer resident.
Painted Bunting	no	One female in Clermont County, April 17 through April 20, 2018; one male in Brown County, March 14 through March 19, 2021.
Dickcissel	yes	Uncommon summer resident.